Physics Unit27: Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom

1#

In a pair of accelerating plates, such as found inside a CRT, the electronsgm;4hua5 -oaq are emit4;aua-mh qg o5ted (1.0 分)

A. from the cathode which is positive, toward the anode which is positive.

B. from the cathode which is negative, toward the anode which is positive.

C. from the anode which is positive, toward the cathode which is negative.

D. from the anode which is negative, toward the cathode which is positive.

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2#

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A blackbody is an ideal systjpf)a5)qmh4+3lzdro +e i 6h hem that (1.0 分)

A. absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, but cannot emit light of its own (i.e., a "black" body).

B. emits 100% of the light it generates, but cannot absorb radiation of its own.

C. either absorbs 100% of the light incident upon it, or emits 100% of the radiation it generates.

D. absorbs 50% of the light incident upon it, and emits 50% of the radiation it generates.

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3#

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Which color in the visible spectrum is associated with the low 6m-;+dfr r zcjvwqw0f 9uk-9nest temperature? (1.0 分)

A. blue

B. green

C. orange

D. red

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4#

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Planck's constant (1.0 分)

A. sets an upper limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

B. sets a lower limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed or emitted.

C. relates mass to energy.

D. none of the given answers

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5#

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The ratio of energy to frequency for a givefagi m b-sc3ql/)1 6nnn photon gives (1.0 分)

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. Planck's constant.

D. its work function.

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6#

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The fundamental SI units of Planck's coq.*yqfj sq05b nstant are (1.0 分)

A. $kg \cdot m/s$.

B. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s$.

C. $kg \cdot m/s^2$.

D. $kg \cdot m^{2}/s^2$.

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7#

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Planck's constant has a valutok1q1 vj9 m5pha/6fxk y)rj7e of (1.0 分)

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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8#

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A photon is a particle thatu;cs*)z hb*l y (1.0 分)

A. has zero electric charge.

B. has zero electric field associated with it.

C. cannot travel in a vacuum.

D. has a velocity in a vacuum that varies with the photon frequency.

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9#

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Which of the following is an accurate statemt-ca l4gw)jo :ent? (1.0 分)

A. In vacuum, ultraviolet photons travel faster than infrared photons.

B. Photons can have positive or negative charge.

C. An ultraviolet photon has more energy than an infrared photon.

D. Photons do not have momentum (i.e., they cannot exert pressure on things).

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10#

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What is a photon? (1.0 分)

A. an electron in an excited state

B. a small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties

C. one form of a nucleon, one of the particles that makes up the nucleus

D. an electron that has been made electrically neutral

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11#

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The energy of a photon depfr ,50; eu/twq oh7lbpends on (1.0 分)

A. its amplitude.

B. its velocity.

C. its frequency.

D. none of the given answers

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12#

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If the wavelength of a photon is halved, by what ftaru;vl8mw.cvb t65 7actor does its energy change? (1.0 分)

A. 4

B. 2

C. 1/4

D. 1/2

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13#

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Which color of light has the lowest energy photaz 5n 0y9 x ea(nsjcipz7.z)b8ons? (1.0 分)

A. red

B. yellow

C. green

D. blue

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14#

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The photoelectric effbn,yz gz. :2qiw+j :qoect is explainable assuming (1.0 分)

A. that light has a wave nature.

B. that light has a particle nature.

C. that light has a wave nature and a particle nature.

D. none of the above

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15#

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In order for a photon to eject a61jbv y7sgcigrurt 85r r2c-7n electron from a metal's surface in the photoelectriu6 gr27r8y 1stjic c5gb-rvr7 c effect, the photon's (1.0 分)

A. frequency must be greater than a certain minimum value.

B. speed must be greater than a certain minimum value.

C. wavelength must be greater than a certain minimum value.

D. momentum must be zero.

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16#

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The kinetic energy of the photoelectron depends on which ( bl2+tc7ahnk v1wtb29j jc:u of the following? (1.0 分)

A. intensity of light

B. duration of illumination

C. wavelength of light

D. angle of illumination

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17#

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A beam of red light and a beam of violet light ) fk8ya l -jp4e+ ite+z30moljeach deliver the same power on a surface. For whichp ef l+yat+8o0-j3mi)le4jzk beam is the number of photons hitting the surface per second the greatest? (1.0 分)

A. the red beam

B. the violet beam

C. The number of photons per second is the same for both beams.

D. This cannot be answered without knowing just what the light intensity is.

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18#

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A metal surface is illuminated wit,;yb-)e5epwmbb e:k(d38r b8 bn azqlh blue light and electrons are ejected at a givedbezaby w kb e8 rbnml;,3q8p(5e)-:bn rate each with a certain amount of energy. If the intensity of the blue light is increased, electrons are ejected (1.0 分)

A. at the same rate, but with more energy per electron.

B. at the same rate, but with less energy per electron.

C. at an increased rate with no change in energy per electron.

D. at a reduced rate with no change in energy per electron.

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19#

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A beam of X-rays of frequency f is incident upon a agf :hf7 jkx8es,70rv substance that scatters the beam in various directions. If we measure the frequenc k8vasxh egfrfj077 ,:y of the scattered X-rays, we will find (1.0 分)

A. X-rays with frequency less than f.

B. X-rays with frequency greater than f.

C. only X-rays with frequency f.

D. X-rays with frequencies ranging from less than f to greater than f.

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20#

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A beam of X-rays of wavelength l is incident upon a substancyi-; .oi2al u; obv.kre that scatters the beam in various directions. If we mbk 2;. oalvr; uiyo-.ieasure the wavelength of the scattered X-rays, we will find (1.0 分)

A. X-rays with wavelength less than l.

B. X-rays with wavelength greater than l.

C. only X-rays with wavelength l.

D. X-rays which range in wavelength from less than l to greater than l.

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21#

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When a photon is scattered from an electronrv0lq, 2 6t 1wfxj(x)ukcmw w,x0*hhd, there will be an increase in its (1.0 分)

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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22#

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In the Compton effect, as the scattering angled0vk)b+n ytu1 increases, the frequency of the X-rays scattyud0 1+k) vbntered at that angle (1.0 分)

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. does not change.

D. varies randomly.

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23#

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In a Compton scattering experiment, what scattering angle produces the greatest bl o-(z5nkasb8 n0n9i ch( bo9zai80 5nl bsknn-ange in wavelength? (1.0 分)

A. $0^{\circ}$

B. $90^{\circ}$

C. $180^{\circ}$

D. none of the given answers

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24#

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When the accelerating a0-eh)ti;ngtyob( 6 q voltage in an X-ray tube is doubled, the minimum wavelength of the X-rayi; o)qt6ae hyt0-n(gbs (1.0 分)

A. is increased to twice the original value.

B. is increased to four times the original value.

C. is decreased to one-half the original value.

D. is decreased to one-fourth the original value.

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25#

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When a proton passes through matter, it is possible for /off(x1ind2n6 ,lea m it to interact with the matter in such a way that an electron and a positron are produced; this interaction is referred to (xf,6/ol1na m2 fin edas (1.0 分)

A. the photoelectric effect.

B. the Compton effect.

C. pair production.

D. none of the given answers

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26#

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As a particle travels faster, its de Broglie wad 1q6eh8fm z*1b fdaxa-)+bfjvelength (1.0 分)

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains constant.

D. could be any of the given answers; it depends on other factors.

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27#

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When an electron is accelerated to a hqe+ohs4m5y 2i yq1 )quigher speed, there is a decrease in its (1.0 分)

A. energy.

B. frequency.

C. wavelength.

D. momentum.

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28#

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Which one of the following would tend to have the smallest wavelength if they a5tdznh r)tw 1dmuy3n t4b cfp uu;):r8*6df; ere moving with the same spndy1t d*m54t u6h u nz;) wdu8r;be) :cfp3rfteed? (1.0 分)

A. electron

B. proton

C. baseball

D. bowling ball

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29#

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The reason the wavelike naturbwun3 a: -ifzyn o;,l(e of a moving baseball is not noticed in everyday life is thafn; ioayb un: -,(w3zlt (1.0 分)

A. it doesn't have a wavelike nature.

B. its wavelength is too small.

C. its frequency is too small.

D. its energy is too small.

E. No one pays attention to such things except for the Mets; and they can't hit a curve ball anyway.

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30#

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What advantage might an electron5vso3 -+ol kdg microscope have over a light microscope? (1.0 分)

A. Electrons are more powerful.

B. Shorter wavelengths are possible.

C. Longer wavelengths are possible.

D. none of the given answers

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31#

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The part of an electron microscope that plays the same role as theckd:fc no+ly12+gd6 t lenses do in an optical microscope is:2yc6ngtdcl+k do f+1 (1.0 分)

A. the vacuum chamber.

B. the coils.

C. the cathode.

D. the deflector plates.

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32#

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Which of the following microscopes is capable of "photograe)022e bgyh aqphing" individual atom22 )eyqg bha0es? (1.0 分)

A. light microscope

B. scanning tunneling microscope

C. transmission electron microscope

D. scanning electron microscope

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33#

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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the angular momentuqz2vgw 1,hatl +q.1zwm of an electron around the nucleqh1lzz . taw +q21v,gwus (1.0 分)

A. could equal any positive value.

B. must equal an integral multiple of h.

C. must equal an integral multiple of h/2p.

D. decreases with time, eventually becoming zero.

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34#

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When an electron jumps from an orbit whef 0ucne b(,8p8ba.igrre n = 4 to one where n = 2 (1.0 分)

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35#

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The distance between adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atomif ln)4bpsc-j (d6.uj (1.0 分)

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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36#

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The energy difference betweec,2 glbqr dg)9nct * k22nc4jdn adjacent orbit radii in a hydrogen atom (1.0 分)

A. increases with increasing values of n.

B. decreases with increasing values of n.

C. remains constant for all values of n.

D. varies randomly with increasing values of n.

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37#

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What is the wavelength correspo c;bpud 4*ntss, b,i/cbwfw33 fq09fj nding to the most intense light emitted by a giant starwsc9fdf s*t;qb4 i/j3,ubbw ,0npcf 3 of surface temperature 5000 K? (1.0 分)

A. $576 \; nm$

B. $578 \; nm$

C. $580 \; nm$

D. $582 \; nm$

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38#

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What is the frequency of the most intense radiation from anrg td-8 zxsx e;7(i*c mbs+6lz object with temperatudx68im g zc(;ztbs- *7se+ rxlre $100 ^{\circ}C$? (1.0 分)

A. $2.9 \times 10^{-5} \; Hz$

B. $3.9 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

C. $1.0 \times 10^{13} \; Hz$

D. $1.0 \times 10^{11} \; Hz$

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39#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with frequency 110 Gx4(ul0hofoa- ++uexv Hz? (1.0 分)

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-22} \; J$

C. $7.3 \times 10^{-23} \; J$

D. $1.3 \times 10^{-25} \; J$

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40#

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How much energy is carried by a photon with a frequeuf* d3-/8ietql 2tlp xncy of 100,000 GHz? (1.0 分)

A. $4.73 \times 10^{-42} \; J$

B. $4.37 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-24} \; J$

D. $6.63 \times 10^{-20} \; J$

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41#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiation has e52z 9imf ;+oauw yds5jnergy $4.7 \times 10^{-25} \; J$? (1.0 分)

A. $710 \; kHz$

B. $4.7 \; MHz$

C. $710 \; MHz$

D. $1.4 \; GHz$

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42#

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What frequency of electromagnetic radiasp7;pvpe-p4 y tion has an energy of 58.1 meV? (1.0 分)

A. $1.4 \; MHz$

B. $711 \; MHz$

C. $7.1 \; GHz$

D. $14 \; GHz$

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43#

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What is the photon energy of red light having wav3rjvv/h58co zyk zv// elength 640 nm? (1.0 分)

A. $1.13 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

B. $1.31 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $3.11 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

D. $1.94 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

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44#

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How much energy, in joules, is carried by a photon of wavelength 6rs7 hpaem 84fnia8* x460 nm? (1.0 分)

A. $1.46 \times 10^{-48} \; J$

B. $3.01 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $6.63 \times 10^{-34} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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45#

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At what rate are photons emitted by a 50-W sodium vapor lamp xnfgxfz9+3hia :z*d ;lezu:0? (Assume that the lamp's light is monochromatic and of waveaiz f*3zf0h: ednxz 9u;gl x:+length $589 \; nm$.) (1.0 分)

A. $1.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

B. $1.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

C. $2.0 \times 10^{20}/$s

D. $2.5 \times 10^{20}/$s

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46#

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A metal has a work function of 4.5 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of th a6 zo p7f:rop;)w/t/6*ixuktkw7e she photoelectrons if the pw/)p;7to/6f67 ok ithuz raesw :kx *wavelength of light is 250 nm. (1.0 分)

A. zero

B. $0.37 \; eV$

C. $0.46 \; eV$

D. $0.53 \; eV$

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47#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface, the stopping poth,lt, lc;s/ izential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the work function of/h iz,t, cl;sl the metal? (1.0 分)

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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48#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is incident on a metal surface t0r;d.crqhdjov17 ;4 0nkjfl, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the thresh;q;tvd r 07cj0 fld4n krh.1ojold frequency? (1.0 分)

A. $3.47 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

B. $3.74 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

C. $4.73 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

D. $7.34 \times 10^{14} \; Hz$

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49#

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When light of wavelength 350 nm is inchhd a9f zj)l0j1(sw8t ident on a metal surface, the stopping potential of the photoelectrons is 0.500 eV. What is the maximum kinetic enehjt lhjz) 9ds1w8a0f(rgy of the electron? (1.0 分)

A. $0.500 \; eV$

B. $3.04 \; eV$

C. $3.54 \; eV$

D. $4.12 \; eV$

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50#

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A monochromatic ligh pusc5jee7u 0,n dx04ft is incident on the surface of a metal with work function 2.50 eV. If a 1.0-V stopping potenj7,usnepcu5 fexd4 00 tial is required to make the photocurrent zero, what is the wavelength of light? (1.0 分)

A. $354 \; nm$

B. $423 \; nm$

C. $497 \; nm$

D. $744 \; nm$

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51#

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If the scattering angle in Compton's scattering is 90e. Wha ;nk64gv,ahmjlwn3 :b t is the wavelength shif4lb gnw v ,n6khj:3;mat? (1.0 分)

A. $1.22 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

B. $2.43 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

C. $3.65 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

D. $4.85 \times 10^{-12} \; m$

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52#

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X-rays of wavelength 0.20 nm are scatter zl32vpyg7e :ked by a metal. The wavelength shift is obz yp732vl:gk eserved to be
$2.1 \times 10^{-12} \; m$ at a certain scattering angle measured relative to the incoming X-ray. What is the scattering angle? (1.0 分)

A. $20^{\circ}$

B. $40^{\circ}$

C. $60^{\circ}$

D. $80^{\circ}$

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53#

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X-rays with a wavelength of 0.00100 nm are scattered by free electrons at 130 e 1lrdboqex+e)b -1b)v/ry/md.gfv5e. What is th/ 5 )er/ e1odmy+g-v xb.q) 1bfrlbedve kinetic energy of each recoil electron? (1.0 分)

A. $2.5 \; MeV$

B. $5.0 \; MeV$

C. $7.5 \; MeV$

D. $10 \; MeV$

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54#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with a ball of mas:wszblxt5 ch/vjr * 62s 0.50 kg moving with a speed of 25 m c/62lxvr :szbw*jh5t/s? (1.0 分)

A. $3.5 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

B. $5.3 \times 10^{-35} \; m$

C. $3.5 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-33} \; m$

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55#

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What is the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 20 jdv* ;;,rwaincw.as ;rsm3*u0 g moving with a speed of 30 mv*;cn, a uw;j*.awssd; 3irrm/s? (1.0 分)

A. $1.1 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

B. $2.2 \times 10^{-34} \; m$

C. $4.5 \times 10^{-28} \; m$

D. $6.7 \times 10^{-27} \; m$

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56#

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What is the wavelength of the matter wave associated with an ub; 1s6) tkrmx.wehs+ electron moving with a speed of b.s+w k1exu;6hmtr )s $2.5 \times 10^7 \; m/s$? (1.0 分)

A. $29 \; pm$

B. $35 \; pm$

C. $47 \; pm$

D. $53 \; pm$

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57#

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An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 150 V. What is i: 19z*yv qwpmf, dtfhpzp9)i+ts wavelengthv*+1 :ffz,p pyti9 9zdmhq) wp? (1.0 分)

A. $0.1 \; nm$

B. $1 \; nm$

C. $1 \; mm$

D. $1 \; cm$

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58#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 10s k *57o,x;cf;fvvxaa 6qlz 2hi.inl( 0 V. What is its waveleng,x xaz(iln2.qfov cvl kfsh5ai*7 6;;th? (1.0 分)

A. $0.122 \; nm$

B. $0.212 \; nm$

C. $0.221 \; nm$

D. $0.313 \; nm$

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59#

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An electron is accelerc.osci p0;mb) ated by a potential difference of 100 V. What is its momentum sc;.0) opmbci in $kg \cdot m/s$? (1.0 分)

A. $3.45 \times 10^{-24}$

B. $3.54 \times 10^{-24}$

C. $4.53 \times 10^{-24}$

D. $5.43 \times 10^{-24}$

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60#

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An electron is accelerated by a potential t*nohumw v-iuz 5u 8(w(g h-,cdifference of 100 V. What is its kinetic ener(z8wnh-hg -* wicto uu,m(vu5gy? (1.0 分)

A. $1.26 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

B. $1.62 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

C. $2.16 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

D. $2.61 \times 10^{-17} \; J$

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61#

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A person of mass 50 kg has a wavelengx. q7jbh5b d a(8f3kcith of $4.4 \times 10^{-36} \; m$ when running. How fast is she running? (1.0 分)

A. 2.0 m/s

B. 3.0 m/s

C. 4.0 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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62#

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An electron has a wavelength of 0.123 nm. What is its en 7(r5mi7q kroc7f bnk1clff69ergy in eV? (This energy is not in the relativistic region.)ro7i l(m 1crf6 5kbcq97 nkff7 (1.0 分)

A. $20 \; eV$

B. $60 \; eV$

C. $80 \; eV$

D. $100 \; eV$

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63#

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If $r_1$ is the smallest orbital radius around a single proton, then $r_6$ is equal to (1.0 分)

A. $36 r_1$.

B. $12 r_1$.

C. $6 r_1$.

D. $2.45 r_1$.

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64#

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The electron of a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 5 4e4x+4nq(;maw 28 qtneloemwstate to the n = 2 state. Whaw2lm4x o emwn8nt4e; q(+qe 4at is the wavelength of the emitted photon? (1.0 分)

A. $344 \; nm$

B. $434 \; nm$

C. $443 \; nm$

D. $523 \; nm$

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65#

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The binding energy of tafp r e;zph.3we( qi4(he hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6 eV. What is the energy when itr(qh( w e.zipfp 4;3ae is in the n = 5 state? (1.0 分)

A. $2.72 \; eV$

B. $-2.72 \; eV$

C. $0.544 \; eV$

D. $-0.544 \; eV$

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66#

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A hydrogen atom in the groun7fikx 6sxp z ld-;2 syu9.oe*zd state absorbs a photon of energy 12.09 eV. To which state will the electron make x ifxouzz* l; .s2ype9-d67sk a transition? (1.0 分)

A. n = 2

B. n = 3

C. n = 4

D. n = 5

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67#

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What is the ionization energy of the ne wuh+ qp(umk/ki6+)pf (ye(zautral hydrogen atom? (1.0 分)

A. $27.2 \; eV$

B. $13.6 \; eV$

C. $6.8 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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68#

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What is the ionization energy of singly ionizueb gpv6 k+81x75snblet b01r ed helium? (1.0 分)

A. $54.4 \; eV$

B. $27.2 \; eV$

C. $13.6 \; eV$

D. none of the given answers

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69#

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In making a transition from state n = 1 to state n = 2, the hydrogen atom muss+vx ,to(t j.be :w(6 bw(ctvm97 wwcct (1.0 分)

A. absorb a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

B. emit a photon of energy 10.2 eV.

C. absorb a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

D. emit a photon of energy 13.58 eV.

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70#

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In state n = 1, the energ42e;jq bptd4ey of the hydrogen atom is -13.58 eV. What is its energy itq;e4 4jp2e bdn state n = 2? (1.0 分)

A. -6.79 eV

B. -4.53 eV

C. -3.40 eV

D. -1.51 eV

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71#

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The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm. What is the energy diffeshvtnt6 *ms11r-fi q )rence betweeni 1*v)n f1mthq-tssr6 the two energy states involved in laser action? (1.0 分)

A. $1.537 \; eV$

B. $1.646 \; eV$

C. $1.786 \; eV$

D. $1.812 \; eV$

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72#

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An electron is moving about a single proton in an orbit chauzr9myme)pz90h 22ehracterized by n = 4. How many of the electron's de Brog)eerm2mh 9h pzz0 2u9ylie wavelengths fit into the circumference of this orbit? (1.0 分)

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 16

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